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Opposite Action Skill in DBT

Opposite Action is used when an emotion or its intensity does not fit the facts and acting on the emotion’s urge would be ineffective.

The first step is not to do the opposite automatically. Check the facts, identify the action urge and decide whether the emotion is justified by the situation. When the emotion fits the facts, problem-solving, protection, repair or grieving may be more appropriate.

  1. Name the emotion and action urge.
  2. Check the observable facts and the level of threat or loss.
  3. Ask whether the emotion and its intensity fit those facts.
  4. Identify the opposite behaviour.
  5. Act opposite “all the way” through posture, words and behaviour when safe.
  6. Repeat and observe the outcome without expecting immediate emotional relief.

Examples

  • Unjustified shame may call for approaching, speaking openly and keeping an upright posture.
  • Fear that does not fit actual danger may call for gradual, safe approach rather than avoidance.
  • Anger that does not fit the facts may call for gentleness, empathy or stepping away from attack behaviour.

When not to use it

Do not use Opposite Action to override fear in genuine danger, anger at abuse or discrimination, grief after meaningful loss, or medical warning signs. Depression and other conditions require appropriate assessment; a skill does not “overcome” a disorder by itself.

Use the Opposite Action worksheet guide.

Reference

Linehan, M. M. DBT Skills Training Manual, Revised Edition. Guilford Press, 2025.

Evidence and editorial note

Resource type: Educational overview of a DBT skill or skills module. It supports learning and practice but is not comprehensive Dialectical Behavior Therapy.

Evidence basis: Marsha M. Linehan’s DBT Skills Training Manual, Revised Edition (2025), official Behavioral Tech training information, current NICE guidance and peer-reviewed evidence reviews where treatment claims are discussed.

Review status: Written and evidence-checked by the CounselorAid editorial team. Last evidence review: 3 August 2026. No named independent clinical reviewer is being claimed. Please report factual or safety concerns through the contact page.

Important: This information cannot diagnose a condition, assess personal risk or replace care from an appropriately qualified professional. In an immediate crisis or medical emergency, use local emergency or crisis services.